1. Introduction that has garnered significant attention across various industrial sectors due to its unique properties and wide-ranging applications. As a colorless, odorless liquid with a sweet taste, DEG belongs to the glycol family and features two hydroxyl (-OH) groups in its molecular structure, which contributes to its hygroscopic nature and solvent capabilities. Understanding diethylene glycol's significance requires an exploration of its chemical properties, applications, and impact on different industries. …