Chemical Structure and Properties
Phthalic anhydride is an organic compound with a distinctive structure consisting of a benzene ring fused to an anhydride functional group. It appears as white crystalline flakes or powder and has a sharp odor. Some of its key properties include:
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Phthalic anhydride is primarily produced through the catalytic oxidation of ortho-xylene or naphthalene. In this process, ortho-xylene is vaporized and mixed with air in the presence of a vanadium pentoxide catalyst at high temperatures (350-400°C). The reaction yields phthalic anhydride, which is then cooled and solidified. The final product is purified to remove impurities, ensuring high quality. This efficient and widely used method makes phthalic anhydride a key industrial chemical for various applications.